The effect of hyperinflation

The primary impact of hyperinflation is that buyers battle in purchasing what they need. The costs of merchandise rise persistently, so individuals need more cash to purchase the things they would have had the option to bear the cost of beforehand. This outcomes in the red, which would be difficult to follow through on off particularly if costs keep on rising, or doing without, which could cause medical problems. There is additionally the allurement of robbery; in edginess a few people may be attracted to burglary to help their family. In any event, for those couple of individuals whose pay stayed up with swelling, it was difficult to purchase the products. They required such a lot of cash to purchase what they required that they would truly battle to ship the cash to the shop. At times of hyperinflation, individuals needed to ship cash in work carts since they required such a large number of notes for even little things. A case of this was in Germany 1923, where a solitary portion of bread in the end cost 200 billion imprints. Another aftereffect of costs rising constantly was that laborers needed to get paid two times per day to surge out and purchase their products before costs rose significantly more. Besides, this implied compensation never found the ever-reducing estimation of cash, and were lacking to take care of the expenses. Another significant impact of hyperinflation is that individuals all in all battled with developing deficiencies. At the point when little things were equivalent to thousands, or even millions, of notes, outside providers began declining to acknowledge the hyper-swelled cash. This implied imports evaporated and deficiencies of food and different products deteriorated, for everybody. Moreover, reserve funds, protection strategies and annuities got useless. This fundamentally influenced the white collar class, especially mature age beneficiaries, and widows. For jobless individuals depending on investment funds and annuities, this was obliterating and caused numerous issues. Then again, this attempted to the benefit of those owing debtors before the hyperinflation, who might now effectively have the option to pay them of as the entireties included got useless. Organizations were extraordinarily influenced by hyperinflation also, for good and terrible. Affluent representatives would profit by hyperinflation since property was modest and with littler organizations battling; the greater, increasingly fruitful organizations would assume control over the littler ones easily. . Sadly, it didn’t help littler organizations so much. They needed to pay higher wages which they couldn't manage the cost of and had less purchasing power. They were additionally in danger of being purchased out by the greater organizations leaving them jobless. Driving on from this, the laborers would battle too in light of the fact that when the littler organizations got assumed control over, they would lose their positions and afterward battle to pay for products, while jobless. . On certain events, one aftereffect of hyperinflation was that the administration printed more cash. This improved it to begin with, at the end of the day exacerbated expansion and started another cycle. As the costs rose, more cash was printed, making costs rise once more. Taking everything into account, the primary impact of hyperinflation was that individuals battled with purchasing what they required, anyway there are numerous different impacts that caused deficiencies and difficulty: investment funds and obligations getting useless, greater organizations assuming control over the littler ones, prompting joblessness, and the administration printing more cash. There are bunches of impacts of hyperinflation, and in spite of the fact that it profited a couple of individuals, all in all, it caused disorder and wretchedness for the individuals.

LEAP organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Jump association - Essay Example The non-benefit association was isolated from its own body by the initiator through the help of Becky Moore of the United Way and Pastor Tommy Vallejo. It later on turned into the jump and got its IRS 501 (c) 3 statuses on 29th April, 2009. What's more, Pastor Harris was likewise dynamic in opening the Emmanuel Family Life Center for the association to work (Clarksville Online, 2015). The jump associations have made solid organizations with the home, business network, media and associations helping the adolescent in the general public since it opened its entryways. The jump association expects all center and secondary school understudies to participate in a media challenge (Leaporg.net, 2014). The understudies make sight and sound items like recordings, banners, sites, games, photograph articles, open assistance proclamations, and narratives. These items center around the significance of foundation learning and how to prepare for it. The jump association develop and strengthen networks of dynamic nationality with estimations of edification, scholastic accomplishment, initiative, and tirelessness through expectation, confidence and love by offering coaching, tutoring, moderate lodging, and different help programs (Leaporg.net, 2014). The association additionally give instructive field trips, guiding, vocation advancement, and network administration learning open doors for students’ matured 11 to 18 years at no expense. These are a portion of the administrations and results of a jump association: The young people that eagerly register in the organization’s motivation profit by creative and diverting administration gatherings. The young people gain information and apply fundamental aptitudes of initiative, for example, compromise, group building, objective setting, open talking, and manners. The jump association gives a venture based, hands on getting the hang of comprehension for the young during intuitive activity tendency preparing (Leaporg,

Rioters Share their Best of the Backlist 2017

Rioters Share their Best of the Backlist 2017 Dont let your backlist from 2017 grow any bigger! Were giving away a stack of our 20 favorite books of the year. Click here to enter, or just click the image below. The year of 2017 has been great for books, and there has been no shortage of exciting titles being published weekly. But sometimes the frenzy to keep up with whats current can seem hamster wheel hopeless. Whenever I feel overwhelmed with reading whats new, I try to fit a backlist title in there. According to Publishing Trendsetter, the term backlist refers to older books published before, well, right now: its a publishing term to describe titles listed in the back of the catalogue, rather than pushed to the frontlist and featured more prominently. Time traveling backward in book publishing history can help you discover an author, series, or genre you overlooked and provide some welcome perspective on today. In this list, 21 Book Riot writers give a backlist bump to the best backlist book (pre-2017) they read this year. What backlist book did you read and love? Share your recommendation in a comment! Sarah S. Davis So Youve Been Publicly Shamed  (2015) by Jon Ronson Reading Jon Ronson’s So You’ve Been Publicly Shamed (2015) was a transformative experience for me. Up until then, I had read fiction almost exclusively. When another Rioter recommended this book, I was curious and decided to take a chance on nonfiction. I’m so glad I did. Ronson’s smart, witty, and self-deprecating narrative style makes him an entertaining host through the wilds of the Internet and public shaming across history. I appreciated how digestible the book reads while Ronson ultimately brings it all together in a sobering ending. After this book, I also read The Psychopath Test and listened to The Butterfly Effect, both by the author. So You’ve Been Publicly Shamed helped open the doors for me to feel confident reading nonfiction. It was a gateway book. Susie Dumond The Fire Next Time  (1963) by James Baldwin I spent a portion of 2017 brushing up on my Baldwin and I’m so glad I did. If you’re a fan of Ta-Nehisi Coates’s work, go back to his inspiration and read The Fire Next Time. The book consists of two letters written at the centennial of the Emancipation Proclamation. The first letter is addressed to Baldwin’s young nephew and the second to the American people, both exploring the history of race in the U.S. and calling for an end to racial injustice. Baldwin’s writing is powerful and personal, and this book is as important in 2017 as it was in 1963. Leah Rachel von Essen A Writers Diary: Being Extracts from the Diary of Virginia Woolf  (1953) edited by Leonard Woolf I’ve dug more into Virginia Woolf this year. I read The Waves and fell in love with the poetic brilliance of the textâ€"it’s now one of my all-time favorite books. I had heard a lot of great things about A Writer’s Diary, which is a collection of her diary entries specifically about her books and her writing, and so I picked it up from Persephone Books in London when I was there in September. It’s led me to a new appreciation of her literary genius, and given me perspective as I read through her struggles with mental health and with the ebbs of fame. It is so gorgeous, and I think might be one of those rare books that literally changes my life. Her passionate work ethic (she was writing The Waves and Orlando at the same time!) and compelling diary-writing have led me to make my journaling more reflective and work harder on my novel-writing, setting better deadlines and expectations for myself. Kathleen Keenan The Vegetarian  (English edition 2016; Korean 2007) by Han Kang This novel about Yeong-hye, who stops eating meat after a disturbing dream and encounters resistance and violence from her husband and family as she becomes increasingly unable to eat, is itself like a dark dream. The tension builds steadily as Kang switches perspectives from Yeong-hye to her brother-in-law to her older sister. This novel was praised to the skies when Deborah Smith’s translation of the original Korean was published in 2016. Kang’s ability to create an ever-increasing sense of unease and her seamless perspective switching are two reasons why. Rachel Brittain The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet  (2014) by Becky Chambers I’m always a sucker for good sci-fi, and The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet is some of the best sci-fi I’ve read in a while. It tells the story of Rosemary Harper, the newest addition to the Wayfarer, an interspecies ship specializing in creating hyperspace tunnels. Although there is some intrigue and conflict and drama, the book is far more focused on character and world-building than plotâ€"and believe me, in this case, that’s not at all a bad thing! Chambers develops some of the best and most thoughtful sci-fi world-building I’ve ever seenâ€"considering similarities and differences between humans and other “Sapiens,” in a host of ways including biology, gender, and cultural beliefs/practices, to name a few. It’s truly refreshing to read a book that doesn’t consider humansâ€"and particularly the cultural constructs we often take for absoluteâ€"as the norm. Between that and the fact that I absolutely fell in love with the cast of characters, this book (and I feel safe to assume, the rest of the series, which is ongoing) has become a new favorite for me. Aimee Miles The Girls at the Kingfisher Club  (2014) by Genevieve Valentine I’ve written about my love of fairy tales, but it means that at this point in my life I am incredibly particular about them. For me, a good retelling needs to explore the story in a way that hasn’t been done ad nauseum. This is one of the best retellings. 12 Dancing Princesses is not a well-trodden story (Get it? Like their shoes?), and Valentine takes us to 1920’s NYC for the setting. The story is about the love of 12 siblings all set against a uncaring father. The oldest, Jo, takes the girls to nighttime speakeasies to burn off their energy and frustration. Valentine somehow makes each of the 12 sisters distinctive, though some don’t get quite as much page time as the others. Jo struggles with the pull of her own wishes against her responsibilities toward her many sisters. She worries that she’s an instrument of her father, keeping her sisters subdued for him, rather than their champion, keeping them safe from him. It’s a fairly quiet novel, but it moves along with clea n prose and little need to tie itself to the original tale. This book is perfect in my opinion and I went to re-read looking for its warm embrace. Jessica Woodbury True Grit  (1968) by Charles Portis Sometimes you stumble into one of your favorite books of all time because you wake up in the morning, open the Audible Daily Deal email, and you see that your favorite author, Donna Tartt, is narrating the book today. For just $2.95 it seemed like a pretty safe bet even if it was a Western. Meeting a book can be serendipitous like that. Like a rom com where you see a scruffy guy in a cowboy hat across the room, and sure, he doesn’t look like your type at all, but when you get to talking something clicks. It can feel kind of like you’ve met your soulmate in book form. Even though I’d met this book’s close relative in the movie adaptation, I had no idea that when I met the book, sparks would fly. Yes, please, give me a book narrated by a curt, opinionated spinster about the naively bold girl she once was. Let me listen to her share her adventures interspersed with observations on townsfolk she doesn’t like. Let me listen to this woman who has remained, for decades, utterly he rself, inimitable and cantankerous and uncompromising. Oh, yes, there are also outlaws and rangers and manhunts and snakes. Those are all good, too. Kate Scott The Monster of Florence  (2008) by Douglas Preston Mario Spezi After reading The Lost City of the Monkey God earlier this year, I decided to explore Preston’s backlist. I don’t read much true crime, but the intriguing tale of a brutal serial killer stalking the picturesque groves of Florence was too enticing to pass up. The Monster of Florence describes an enthralling case, with more twists and turns than a James Patterson novel, but it goes much deeper than that. There are three things that make this account truly exceptional. The first is that the co-author, Mario Spezi, was actually arrested for the murders at one point. How many true crime books have you read in which the author is also a suspect? The second is that it exposes the corruption of the Italian legal system. It’s not just a book about a series of gruesome murders; it’s also a book about justice gone wrong. And third, it details the roles some of the main actors in the Monster of Florence case played in the Amanda Knox case, an angle that further condemns an unhinged crimi nal justice system. Bottom line: The Monster of Florence is a page-turner with a purpose. If you’re looking for your next true crime read, pick this one up ASAP. Elizabeth Allen The House on Mango Street  (1991) by Sandra Cisneros This beautiful heartbreaker of a book had been on my radar for a few years, but I just never made it a priority. I was lucky to pick up a copy at my library’s annual book sale last year and earlier this year found myself needing to break a particularly bad reading slump. Books on the shorter side tend to be the magic bullet for me in this respect, so I grabbed my used copy of Mango Street off of the shelf. And, as anticipated, this did the trick. Cisneros’s use of vibrant, complicated language in a middle grade book shows that she implicitly trusts and respects her audience. This is one of those books where I was shocked to learn of its publication date, as it has taken on the “classics” mantle in such a short period of time. Alice Burton   Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War  (2006) by Nathaniel Philbrick This book has been on my shelf for 10 years, and a recent move plus it being Thanksgiving time brought it to my attention. Philbrick takes care to tell as much as he can of both sides of the story, while having to rely overwhelmingly on Pilgrim accounts. He tells the story of the Pilgrim settlers and the native tribes they met, starting from the Pilgrims’ time in Holland as a persecuted religious sect, to the end of King Philip’s War, the last ditch effort by King Philip to stop the English takeover of his and other tribes’ lands. Christina Orlando Every Heart a Doorway  (2016) by Seanan McGuire I will readily admit to being a grown woman who still dreams of getting her Hogwarts letter or finding a magical door that will lead me away from the real world. This book is for people like me who know, deep in that secret imaginative part of them, that they belong somewhere else. The book follows young Nancy, having just returned from a fantastic land, as she enters a school dedicated to rehabilitating those returning to the real world after having similar experiences. There is magic, murder, science, and an asexual protagonist (!!!). It’s a relatively recent publication by an author with an impressive and renowned backlist, and a quick read that will leave you feeling jealous of those who have found their magical door. Rincey Abraham We Gon Be Alright: Notes on Race and Resegregation  (2016) by Jeff Chang In this essay collection, Jeff Chang connects the Black Lives Matter Movement to #OscarsSoWhite to the re-segregation of towns throughout the United States and how that led to the events in Ferguson and around the country. Even if you already know about these events, Chang highlights a lot of the details behind the beginnings of these movements, how they all connect to each other, and how they have led to where we are today. This is a required reading book for people living in the United States because it not only will show you why things are the way they are, but how we can and should move forward as a country. Priya Sridhar   Modern Romance  (2015) by Aziz Ansari The road to true love has lots of potholes, false ends, and sometimes technology as a hindrance. Aziz Ansari, after realizing how stressful texting a date can be, decides to explore how courtship has changed over the past few decades. He talks to his parents about arranged marriages, for example, and to Japanese businessmen about updated technology. We get a lot of research and insight into society, and how we view romance. Abby Hargreaves The Kitchen Boy: A Novel of the Last Tsar  (2003) by Robert Alexander With an incredibly strong voice, the narrator of Robert Alexander’s The Kitchen Boy tells the story of the final days of the Romanovs’ story and his involvement in their deaths. Graphic at times, the book is heart-wrenching and gripping despite sparse action. Even readers who know the royalties’ fates will hold on to shreds of hope as they come to the final pages. The Kitchen Boy is one to read slowly to truly appreciate the excellent and delicious prose while savoring the incredible story through which Alexander leads his readers. Plus, a shocking twist at the end will make you want to flip to the beginning and start again. It’s mind-boggling to me this book hasn’t received more attention and I want to shout from the rooftops, “Read this book!” Danielle Bourgon The Night Circus  (2011) by Erin Morgenstern This book has been rave reviewed by absolutely everyone I know and now I can rave about its greatness with the best of them. I’ve never read something that had such vivid imagery and such a distinct feel. I’ve read a few books since that were described as read-alikes, but nothing has come close. The writing was magical and full of moments that have stuck with me all year. If you have even a small inkling of wanting to read this one. Do it. Right now. Seriously, go grab it! I’ll be here to talk over how incredible it is when you’re done. Kate Krug Dark Matter  (2016) by Blake Crouch This book utterly blew my mind. I stayed up until 3am to finish and then just laid in my bed afterward thinking about life and the universe and other metaphysical things I’ve only really thought about in my college philosophy class. Dark Matter is a smart thriller that makes you question life as you know it and I was on the edge of my seat (or bed) until the end. Believe the hype, people. It’s real. Sarah Ullery Thunder Lightning: Weather Past, Present, Future  (2015) by Lauren Redniss If you talk to me about weather, I promise I will never be bored. This is a graphic novel about weather and our relationship with weather. The pictures were drawn on location, and according to the author were given their unique effect by two different printmaking techniques: copperplate photogravure etchings and photopolymer processâ€"meaningless to someone who knows nothing about art, but the pictures were so stand out gorgeous that I was curious how they were made. Also, before this book, I had never heard of Svalbard (small archipelago north of Norway) or the Atacama Desert in Chile, which are now two places I’d desperately like to travel to. Emily Polson Simon vs. the Homo Sapiens Agenda  (2015) by Becky Albertalli An adorable YA love story that takes place mostly through anonymous emails between two boys who haven’t yet come out to the world. I loved everything about this book. The narrative is split between Simon’s POV and the emails he exchanges with the mysterious Blue, which drives the story forward with lots of little emotional cliffhangers. While the love story is the driving focus of the plot, there are plenty of moments of character growth that take the book deeper. I loved Simon’s thoughts on how growing up is a continual series of “coming out” to the people in your life in different ways. Every time you change at all, you have to “reintroduce [yourself] to the universe all over again.” Tasha Brandstatter Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood  (2016) by Trevor Noah I generally give memoirs a wide berth, so it’s a testament to this book that it’s one of my favorite reads of the year. Noah is a ridiculously good storytellerâ€"he knows exactly when to misdirect and when to lay it on the line. There are so many memorable moments: the sneaky pooping incident; when he went to meet his father as an adult (made me sob all over the place); go Hitler; Fufi the dog. It’s touching and hilarious and sad and thoughtful and all the things. Plus I learned about a culture and country I with which I was completely unfamiliar. Noah deserves every accolade for this book and I can’t recommend it enough. Laura Sackton The Goldfinch  (2013) by Donna Tartt I loved this book for its gorgeous writing and complex characters, but all I really want to talk about is the audio. The audio is SO GOOD. Please imagine me jumping up and down, screaming excitedly, and fist pumping right now, because I cannot do it justice with this demure little blurb. I have listened to a lot of audiobooks this year, and many of them have been fantastic, but none of them have even come close to being as good as The Goldfinch. I think about the audio of this book on an at-least-weekly basis, and it gives me shivers. Actual shivers. Like, “isn’t it incredible that something as perfect as the audio of The Goldfinch exists in the world!” shivers. David Pittu not only voices a range of characters with stunning precision, but executes the first person narration of the novel with power, fluidly, and astonishing grace. It did not feel like someone reading a work of fiction; listening to it was like being inside the book itself. Donna Tartt wrote a breathtaking book, but it is Pittu’s narration that landed it a place on my list of all-time favorite novels. Ann Foster The Secret Lives of Sgt. John Wilson: A True Story of Love and Murder  (1997) by Lois Simmie With true crime literature, podcasts, and documentaries having something of a golden age, I was interested to read this award-winning classic of the genre. It’s a highly engaging read, using documents and old photographs to recreate the baffling and cruel actions of the titular sergeant, the only Canadian Mountie ever convicted of murder. Wilson is a cipher, clearly charismatic as he inelegantly juggles two marriages on both sides of the Atlantic, his mountain of lies less and less credible as the charade goes on. Both a cautionary tale of marital abuse and the inspiring take of one woman’s determination to get justice for her sister, it’s at once uniquely Canadian and instantly universal. The picture it paints of turn of the century Saskatchewan is also notable and sets this work apart from other tales of historical true crime. Whats the best backlist book you read this year?

The Gang Gets Evaluated by a Future Social Worker on Their Behavior - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 810 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/03/18 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Social Work Essay Did you like this example? We are going to observe the behavior of the characters in the show Its Always Sunny in Philadelphia and their interactions with each other. We will analyze the main reasons to why they behave the way they do around each other, considering how they can drastically affect each other in such a negative manner. This would be done with a microlevel intervention, since we are working with five individuals. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Gang Gets Evaluated by a Future Social Worker on Their Behavior" essay for you Create order Some of the individuals have larger roles in terms of their microlevel group, not just in the roles in their workplace where they usually interact, but in their negative behavior towards each other as well. We will mainly focus on specific interactions when one of the members was replaced with a mannequin of a similar appearance and how the group reacted with it. Each individual had issues arise from the mannequin that revolved around specific issues they struggled with throughout the series. In the episode The Gang Makes Paddys Pub Great Again the character Dennis is replaced with a mannequin because he left the group to be with a woman who supposedly had a child because of him. During one scene, they all seem to be positive toward each other while discussing their plan to earn money; then they acknowledge the mannequin, where they begin to assume that its thinking the negative thoughts that Dennis would say to them, assuming the plan was a bad idea. (Day C., McElhenney R., Howerton G., 2005). They received a sort of microlevel intervention when a character named Cindy explained how they dont need Denniss negativity back in their lives, which was noticeable during their discussion for their plan. Their social functioning would be labelled difficult because they are aware of their negative traits and have those negatives used against them by their group, yet they continue to interact with each other. This behavior was why they decided to have Dennis return to their group instead of keep ing Cindy, who was more of a positive role model for them, and the group was aware of her positive intentions with them. Cindy could have possibly failed to replace Dennis due to her lack of knowledge of the group, which it vital when working with few individuals for a microlevel intervention. Understanding each member of the group would help find solutions to fix their negative bonds, as they struggle to show their deeper feelings when together. The most reliable method for social workers to use for a situation like this would be use a casework. The group prefers to be around each other, despite the negative tension they all share with each other and bizarre methods of team work, which would make group work difficult with their lack of commitment. This could focus on the individuals themselves without the negative stigma surrounding their group. Dee, Dennis, and Frank are all related as brother, sister, and legal father respectively. Charlie and Mac both knew each other as kids and have interesting past and present relationships with their fathers, one being Frank but being unaware of it until adulthood, and the other being son of a convict who was oblivious of his fathers actions. With the characters having plenty of insight of one another, casework could bring out information that could locate those negative chains they are all linked to. The family systems approach provided basis of understanding ones influence provided b y their families, such as development and role expectations. (DuBois, 2013, p. 75). Using this method could help us understand their perspectives because we lack the full knowledge of their past experiences, which could explain their negative behaviors. Understanding their past and experiences without their father and Franks past would provide possible explanations to their behavior, which could lead to possible outcomes that may lead to healthier relationships within their group. In short, the group seem to somehow stay connected with each other despite their negative influence on each other. Dennis, a member of the group shows his negative influence on them by his actions towards the group. Even during Denniss absence, they were still hostile toward each other, especially towards Mac. Its important to look at the group individually rather than a group would help find clues to their behavior, as their presence with each other seem to influence negative behavior toward each other. They are aware of the bad influence they share on one another, but dont attempt to fix that negativity. Understanding their experiences individually without the groups influences through casework could lead to discoveries that can help us understand their behavior and find possible solutions to lower the negativity. References Hornsby D. (Writer), (Biermann T. (Director). (2018, September 5). The Gang Makes Paddys Pub Great Again [Television series episode]. In R. McElhenney (Executive producer), Its Always Sunny in Philadelphia. Los Angeles, CA: FXX. DuBois, B., Miley, K. K. (2013). Social Work: An Empowering Profession (8th ed.). U.S.A.: Pearson.

Innocence and Prejudice in to Kill a Mockingbird Essay

To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee is a beautiful story depicting a family living in the South of the 1930’s, and their struggle against the prejudice which was common to that time. The book centers on Atticus Finch, the father of the family as well as a lawyer, and his fight against prejudice. We see the story unfold through the innocent eyes of his young daughter, Scout, who is free from prejudice and not yet jaded. By viewing events as Scout sees them, the author shows us how to overcome prejudices, and gain tolerance. By seeing the mob scene outside of the jail house through Scouts innocent eyes, we see how to gain understanding for others, instead of having everything be black or white. By talking to Mr. Cunningham the way she†¦show more content†¦Her father was abusive, and she had no one to talk to. Every day, she would do all the work around the house, and take care of the children, with no help. Tom was most likely the only person to ever show her kindness and politeness, the only one to ever stop to help her and talk to her. The black people wouldn’t have anything to do with the Ewells because they were white, and the white people wouldn’t have anything to do with them because they lived like pigs, among the blacks. The prejudices other people held towards them was what caused them to act the way they did in the first place. We see that although what Mayella was doing was horrible, she had reasons to do it. She is a victim of social pressures, of prejudice, and the effects these things have on her family. Scouts inability to understand different occurrences helps us as the reader realize the injustices that are taking place. The main example of this is the overall storyline of the rape trial. She doesn’t understand the charges of rape, let alone the prejudices associated with a black man raping a white woman. Scout is also unable to understand the injustice of Tom Robinson’s conviction. In her eyes he was obviously innocent, and yet he was convicted anyway. She is completely free of prejudices, and in her mind if you didn’t do it, you’re innocent. However in the eyes of the jury, as well as society, Tom was born guilty, simply for being black. Another example of Scout’s incomprehensionShow MoreRelatedA Prejudice Society in To Kill a Mocking Bird by Harper Lee745 Words   |  3 Pages To Kill a Mocking Bird follows Scout through her narration of life and witnesses the events that society produces. As Scouts understanding of the prejudice society she lives in grows her innocence is destroyed in the process. In her novel To Kill a Mocking Bird, Harper Lee symbolically uses Mocking Birds to show the destruction of innocence. A way Harper Lee presented the Mockingbirds role in society, was by asserting in the novel that to destroy its innocence, would be a sin and should notRead MoreTheme Of Symbolism In To Kill A Mockingbird791 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is a multi-faceted novel which explores the principles and morals of people in the South during the 1930s. Mockingbirds are symbolic of the people that society abuse. Lee narrates the events of the novel using Scout’s voice and uses this technique to add emotional context and develop themes. Themes of racial and classist prejudice are developed by Lee to challenge the reader. These techniques are all powerful ways to alter the views of the reader. MockingbirdsRead MoreInnocence in to Kill a Mockingbird935 Words   |  4 PagesInnocence, or the loss of innocence, is a theme that permeates many great works of literature. To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is no exception. The novel compares many of its characters to mockingbirds, a symbol of pure innocence. Two of the most prominent of the novel’s mockingbirds are Tom Robinson, a black man wrongly accused and convicted of rape, and Boo Radley, an outcast from society who spends his days like a hermit locked up in his house. Tom provides something beneficial to societyRead MoreExplain the significance of the mockingbird in the novel. Who are they and what do they represent?748 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Explain the significance of the mockingbird in the novel. Who are they and what do they represent? The Mockingbird has a very deep and powerful meaning in Harper Lee’s novel To Kill A Mockingbird. It represents peacefulness, innocence and kindness which is portrayed through the characters of Boo Radley and Tom Robinson. The mockingbirds influence can also be applied to the relationships between humans. The Mockingbird is a powerful symbol that echoes a strong meaning throughout the novel. Read MoreMaturity And Personal Growth Often Appear Through The Experience1628 Words   |  7 Pagestragedies, and most importantly, the loss of childhood innocence. Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird presents the ideas of coming of age and the loss of innocence while the Great Depression was occurring in the 1930s. Racism and gender inequality were widespread issues during this time period which gave rise to the Civil Rights Movement. To Kill a Mockingbird teaches its readers that the coexistence of tragedy and the loss of innocence affect personal growth through the way in which severalRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird and A Time to Kill: Similarities and Differences818 Words   |  4 PagesA Time to Kill and To Kill a Mockingbird both have a number of similarities to be compared and contrasted. Both stories can be compared in their themes about justice and racial prejudice. However, this is where the similarities end. The themes and ideas in both novels are vastly different in shape and scope. In A Time to Kill justice is the main theme and most of the ideas are focused on justice and the gray in between the lines of black and white set by the law, racial prejudice is also touchedRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird and Animal Farm Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesHarper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird is considered a classic text because it is based on the meaning of a mockingbird, the idea of growing up, and the theme of prejudice and racism which still is a problem today. George Orwell’s Animal Farm is considered a classic text because it holds h istorical importance and shows how easily humans can be corrupted by power. The story of To Kill a Mockingbird is set in Alabama, a town in Maycomb, during the Great Depression. The story is told in the eyes of ScoutRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Theme Essay896 Words   |  4 PagesHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird is recounted by Scout, who at the time was six years old. This book follows her journey in growing up and eventually losing her innocence through realising the evil in the world, mostly portrayed by the racism and prejudice surrounding her. A mockingbird is a metaphor for the destruction of innocence. There are three mockingbirds in the text: Boo Radley, Scout Finch and Tom Robinson. Boo has done nothing wrong except sit in his house and mind his own businessRead MoreEssay To Kill a Mockingbird: An Analysis of Discrimination893 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: An Analysis of Discrimination The most important theme of the 1960 Pulitzer Prize winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird is author Harper Lee’s tenacious exploration of the moral nature of people. Lee tenaciously explores the moral nature of human beings, especially the struggle in every human soul between discrimination and tolerance. The novel is very effective in not only revealing prejudice, but in examining the nature of prejudice, how it works, and its consequencesRead MoreThe Figurative Meaning Of A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1473 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is innocence? Some might say innocence is being credulous or possessing a lack of corruption. In a way, mockingbirds are a representation of this magnificent innocence and purity. These harmonious birds live day by day, singing their hearts out, and doing no harm to anyone or anything. The Pulitzer Prize winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee explores the figurative meaning of a mockingbird. The narrator, Jean Louise Scout Finch, is a bright, young, and innocent girl from the small

The Role Of Management Accounting Accounting Essay Free Essays

The function of Management Accounting is to utilize and supply accounting information to directors in a company, and by utilizing these accounting information directors will be able to do better concern determinations that allow the company to be better equipped i the control and direction maps. Compared with Financial Accounting, the information provided by Management Accounting is for dynamic tendency, instead than historical information. Management Accounting involves theoretical accounts that based on grades of abstraction to assist directors doing determinations, non based on instances like Financial Accounting does. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role Of Management Accounting Accounting Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Besides, Management Accounting is supplying information for directors within a peculiar company, it is different to Financial Accounting which provides information for external users such as creditors, public regulators and stockholders. Information provided by Management Accounting is non publically reported, it is confidential and merely used by internal directors. Furthermore, Management Accounting normally uses direction information system to carry through different directors ‘ demands, whereas Fiscal Accounting frequently refers to general fiscal accounting criterions. This essay will foremost discourse direction accounting base on the documents published by Chandler ( 1977 ) and Hoskin A ; Macve ( 1990 ) , so one invention in direction accounting will be discussed ( the balanced scorecard ) . Finally a decision will be made. The Transformation of Large ‘Modern Business Enterprise ‘ In 1977, Alfred Chandler published a really celebrated book that is called â€Å" The Visible Hand † . This book has now become an of import academic resource in the field of direction accounting. In the debut to this book, Chandler ( 1977 ) was peculiarly interested in one thing: the transmutation of the American economic system. He stated that the transmutation was from more of less theoretical theoretical accounts of competitory companies to a group of big corporations. Chandler ( 1977 ) defined the modern concern endeavor with two most important alterations: a ) the corporations all have many degrees of direction with different degree of power, instead than the traditional organizational construction where merely the top direction has all the determination powers ; B ) the administrations are all managed by salaried executives, unlike before where directors were limited to the corporation proprietors and stockholders. Such alterations happened really rapidly at the termina l of the nineteenth century. Chandler ( 1977 ) suggested that the competitory market which was driven by ‘the unseeable manus ‘ turned into a market full of oligopolies, and the resources become controlled by the corporate directors, hence, ‘the unseeable manus ‘ suggested by Adam Smith has become ‘the seeable manus ‘ . Chandler ( 1977 ) proposed 8 propositions to demo the procedure of transmutation: In the America, when administrative coordination output higher rate of net incomes than market mechanism coordination, the traditional administrations were replaced by the modern multi-unit endeavors. The multi-unit endeavors created managerial hierarchies. When the economic activities increased to a certain degree, administrative coordination became more efficient than market mechanism coordination. The managerial hierarchy created by these administrations became a beginning of power, permanency and sustainable growing. Such procedure made director including comptrollers go more proficient and professional. Because of the fifth proposition, the multi-unit concerns increased in size and their diverseness, and different direction including accounting were separated from the ownership. Rather than increasing current net income, directors started to concentrate on the long term growing of the administrations. As these endeavors grew, they altered the basic construction of major sectors and of the economic system as a whole. What is more, Hoskin and Macve ( 1990 ) suggested that directors have to go ‘literate ‘ , which means that they have to be able to execute their functions by utilizing writing-based organizational systems. Meanwhile, they suggested that â€Å" to undergo a formal Management Education is to travel back to the beginning: competition, fright of failure, norms, tragets, success, position. † ( Hoskin A ; Macve, 1990, p22 ) . The Balanced Scorecard During the period of recent decennaries, the field of direction accounting has developed many inventions and new thoughts, including activity based direction, strategic cost direction, economic value added and mark bing. Such constructs have become more and more popular and are on a regular basis discussed in different direction accounting books. Presents, these constructs have besides been introduced into pattern in many administrations. One of the inventions in direction accounting stated by Seal et Al ( 2012 ) is the balanced scorecard. Balanced Scorecard was originally introduced by Robert Kaplan and David Norton. Traditionally, fiscal studies provided information to demo how an administration performed historically, but non much information offered about how the administration might execute in the hereafter. For case, an administration may take to decelerate down the bringing clip in order to increase current net income rate. However, this action may ensue in reduced net incomes in the hereafter due to cut down client satisfaction. In order to work out this issue, as a public presentation measuring system, the balanced scorecard does non merely see beyond standard fiscal steps, but it besides take client, larning steps and concern procedure into consideration: a ) Financial position: involves steps including economic value added, runing income, and return on capital employed ; B ) Customer position: involves steps such as client keeping, market portion in mark sections, and client satisfaction ; degree Celsius ) Learning and growing position: involves steps including employee keeping, skill sets, and employee satisfaction ; d ) Business procedure position: involves steps including quality, throughput, and costs etc. These four positions can be concluded in a diagram, which is shown as Diagram 1. Diagram 1 showed that balances exist between internal and external steps ; subjective and nonsubjective step ; and public presentation consequences and the drivers of future consequences. There is non merely engagement of these four positions, but besides a logic nexus. Because larning and growing improves the concern procedures, which lead to a better value to the client, which once more in bend improves the fiscal public presentation. Diagram 1: Balanced Scorecard ( Beginning: ) There are many advantages of the balanced scorecard. First, by analyzing the four positions of the overall public presentation, administrations are able to obtain a balanced position of organizational public presentations. Compared with the traditional methods which merely analyses if the finance state of affairs is healthy or non within a company, the balanced scorecard provides a more overall image for administrations to happen out if they are traveling towards their organizational ends. The balanced scorecard enables administrations to detect non merely the fiscal public presentation, but besides other positions such as degree of client satisfaction, the concern processes, and employee preparation etc. What is more, the balanced scorecard method does non merely look at the immediate hereafter, it evaluates the organizational public presentations in a more dynamic manner. If an accountant notices that the administration is non making good and he/she has realized the fiscal undersid e line, normally the suggestion provided to directors are to work out the immediate issues. Such actions frequently ignored the long term effects to the administration. The balanced scorecard attack enables the administrations to do better determinations for their aims at short, medium and long tally at a glimpse. Last but non least, by using the scheme of a balanced scorecard, the administrations can do certain that the strategic actions they implemented will consequences in the results that they desired. For illustration, the administrations can inquire themselves: will increase the monetary value of a peculiar merchandise contribute to the companies in the long tally? The reply will depend on whether the consumers are happy about the merchandise, or whether the procedures associated with doing that merchandise better the quality of that merchandise. On the other manus, a few research workers have suggested there are besides disadvantages to the balanced scorecard attack. First, t his method may be clip devouring, as administrations have to be after out their aims for each positions, so interrupt the aims down and eventually make up one’s mind how to make the ends. Second, even though the balanced scorecard provides an overall image in the four positions for administrations, it does non intend that these positions build the whole image. It merely involves limited fiscal information. Therefore, it is suggested that the balanced scorecard has to be a portion of a bigger acquisition and growing scheme for administrations. Finally, the same balanced scorecard does non use to all administrations ‘ state of affairss. It is strongly recommended that administrations need to gain their ain prosodies, otherwise the balanced scorecard may be meaningless. Furthermore, many academic research workers argue that the cause-and-effect relationship between indexs on the balanced scorecard can non be supported. Some indexs will non needfully take to a satisfactory result. For illustration, client satisfaction and increased degree of net income. Besides, faculty members suggested that the balanced scorecard does non take rivals ‘ actions into consideration, therefore it does non offer a specific wage system. The balanced scorecard attack has a closed relationship with modern concern endeavor. As we discussed in the old subdivision, direction became separated from ownership. Thus the balanced scored card has offered administrations to hold a overall image, so give different undertakings to directors with different duties. Therefore, the balanced scorecard to some extent encourages administrations to reassign to one of modern concern endeavor. Decision In decision, this essay has reviewed the book published by Chandler ( 1977 ) , and the article wrote by Hoskin A ; Macve ( 1990 ) . By discoursing the suggestions and analysis stated by these writers, the cardinal characteristics of the construction and processes that involved in the transmutations of modern concern endeavors have been defined. Chandler ( 1977 ) proposed eight propositions that he thought changed the UK concern market from a market driven by ‘the unseeable manus ‘ to a market that the directors apportioning the resources, so that the market is replaced by ‘the seeable manus ‘ . Hoskin nd Macve ( 1990 ) in add-on suggested two other factors influenced the market. Besides, one of the recent invention in direction accounting – the balanced scorecard is critically discussed, and the grounds showed that the balanced scorecard attack has to some extent transformed concerns who adopted this attack into one of the modern concern endeavor. Howe ver, there are some concerns when utilizing this attack. In my sentiment, the field of direction accounting still has a batch to be discovered, and its inventions are ever closely associated with the market state of affairs. How to cite The Role Of Management Accounting Accounting Essay, Essay examples

Vertical Integration - Innovation - and Alliance

Question: Discuss about the Vertical Integration, Innovation, and Alliance. Answer: Introduction: It would be correct to say that integration is one of the key aspects of competitive strategy. Typically, there are two types of integration strategies, horizontal and vertical. In the horizontal integration strategies, organizations would focus to acquire other firms in the same industry level. In the vertical integration strategies, organizations would focus to acquire the players in the supply chain. For example, the manufacturing firm can acquire one of the suppliers. There are times when the firms can practice both horizontal and vertical integration strategies. Typically the large organizations would follow the combine integration strategies of horizontal integration and vertical integration (Lahiri Narayanan, 2013). The organizations may not be able to get the immediate benefit with the integration strategies. However, it is expected that the organization would be beneficial in long term with horizontal or vertical integration strategies. In fact, this is the reason that orga nization focuses on horizontal and vertical integration strategies. The example of organizations that exhibits horizontal and vertical integration strategies can be discussed as: Example: Horizontal integration strategies: Microsoft acquired Nokia to boost its mobile business. This is an example of horizontal integration strategy (Guan Rehme, 2012). The objective of Microsoft was to maintain its presence in the smartphone business and this was the reason that Microsoft acquired Nokia. Example: Vertical integration strategies: Toyota acquired number of suppliers in China and Japan region to extend its supply chain. This is an example of vertical integration strategies. Toyota wanted to bring efficiency in the supply chain. By integrating with the suppliers, Toyota was able to save a lot of time and this also reduced the dependency of Toyota on the local players. References Guan, W. and Rehme, J., 2012. Vertical integration in supply chains: driving forces and consequences for a manufacturer's downstream integration. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 17(2), pp.187-201. Lahiri, N. and Narayanan, S., 2013. Vertical integration, innovation, and alliance portfolio size: Implications for firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 34(9), pp.1042-1064.

Traditional And Progressive Education Essays -

Traditional And Progressive Education The debate of Traditional vs. progressive education has been going on since the first school was built. Both sides has it's ups and downs, but I believe that the best form of education is progressive. Progressive education prepares us better for the real world. Progressive education, unlike traditional, lets the teachers reach the kids in the era. For example with progressive the instructors use real life situations teach the students, instead of from a textbook. With using real life examples the kids can relate and understand better than things coming out of a ten year old textbook. Therefore the pupils will be more attentive to what the teacher is saying. In addition in place of sixteen year old tests the students will be tested on information vital to the "real world". This will make your students more apt to make it in the world of work. Also then they will be able to make the right designs when the grow up. With all that said, progressive education clearly reaches out and teaches more kids. The education system should be progressive because it focuses on the freedom if the learner. For example instead of external disciple being used free activity is used. That drops the fear that the teacher can punish you for nothing more than looking at him/her funny. This also allows the pupil to see that something good comes from life instead of just punishment. In addition instead of being stuck use the same textbook, the same assignments, and the same texts teachers can makeup their up own and assignments. This allows the instructor to make it so the students he/she has can understand and find it interesting. This will help the students to learn more then they thought they could. Progressive education is the way to go for freedom of the leaner. Students no longer look at their teacher as a group of "know it all" who's only fun is to question little kids on stuff they do not know. For example through the traditional way of going teachers are the people with all the answers, the "All-knowing Beings of Greatness and Wisdom". This make the students resent the teachers and not want to comply with their directions. They also lose respect for the teacher and school in general. In addition through the progressive way the teachers seem more as some who guides you through the trouble times. This give the teacher back the respects of his/her pupils. This always the teacher to tell the student what to do and it will get done. With the traditional way of doing things teachers get no respect. The progressive way of education is the best. It helps the students learn and get help in the real world. Also it give the teachers a freedom to do what they want, instead of what a text books say.

Compilation of the Quran Essays

Compilation of the Quran Essays Compilation of the Quran Paper Compilation of the Quran Paper The second collection is the standard co ex that is followed today, which comes from the compilation made by Autumn Although there are some variations about the details this account Is not In dispute wealth the Muslim world. Early efforts by Muslim scholars to establish the sequence of the revelation, particularly the verses revealed at Make and those revealed at Indiana, were emulated by Western scholars, who focused on similar problems, though drawing different conclusions from the narratives mentioned above. For the purpose of this paper, I will be critically analyzing and discussing the introversion around the compilation of the Quern as exists today, discussing the early and modern debates regarding the compilation. Meanwhile I will explore the events that led to the compilation of the Quern as a written text. From an oral Tradition to a written text The word Quern means recitation assuming that this was originally verbal or spoken. Prophet Muhammad biography (Solar literature) confirms the nature of the revelation, acknowledging the oral tradition as well as its codification in verses (Donned, 2006). Regarding ten time when ten Quern was written tender was no use AT vowels or diacritical mints, and therefore the meaning of words are liable to misconception and misused restating. S CALIGULA 3 The script was improved and uniformed at the end of the ninth century (Watt, 1997; Motif, 2006). The Quern compilation During the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad or after? The Quern as we know it today is a complete collection of Gods words in a written format, revealed to Prophet Muhammad over the 23 years of his Prophecy (610- 632) (Donned, 2006; Armstrong, 2006). Some scholars believe that the Quern was written and compiled d ring the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad; others argue that it happened ears after His death (Moderates, 1993; Burton, 1997). Moderates (1993) affirms that Prophet Muhammad compiled a written scripture during his lifetime. Furthermore he claims that the Prophet himself personally instructed the scribes where to insert new passages as He was receiving revelations. He also claims that are some evidences of the Quern itself that parts of earlier revelations were deliberately exclude deed by the Prophet in the scripture. Also according to Burton (1997) the Quern was written and c implied by the Prophet. He states that the necessity to exclude the Prophet as the author of this immolation was to Justify the existence of different versions and interpretations of the e text. These scholars assuming that the Quern was written and compiled during the Prophets lifetime can be challenged through the following questions. The fact that there was n o need to have a formal document once the word of the Prophet was the true source and the a authority. He was the guide and proper interpreter of what was being revealed. Another argue .NET is the fact the revelation was an ongoing process, with verses being added and some others abrogated. So it can be suspicious to state that the Prophet id the compilation before His death as a complete and formal collection (Moderates, 1993). Also the fact that the Pr poppet was illiterate, as it is mentioned in the Quern several times, is sometimes disregard d (Gillian, 2006; Aslant 2005). There are however some other scholars that argue that there was no codification during the Prophets Lifetime (Imaging, 1916; Waynesboro, 1977; Inherited, 2006). In the Prophets time He would recite the Curran to his followers, who would memorize his words verb Tim and then recite it back to the Prophet. Therefore, the Curran would only be kept in the mi ends and

Culture History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Culture History - Essay Example Because it is only through the material remains discovered that some peoples and cultures are now known to have existed, we can only understand these societies by comparing what has been left behind with other cultures that we have more knowledge about. We can interpret the findings in many different ways, all of which may contain some truth relating to the original society, but perhaps none of which offers any accuracy. Yet culture history can provide some accuracy as it is constrained by the artifacts found and the necessities common to all human life. In considering the idea of culture history, it must be acknowledged that nothing is certain regarding our interpretations, but it is also a very real part of our present existence. While we do not have the first-hand accounts of the 15th-century diarist, we do have the ability to compare to human needs as they are expressed today. â€Å"The only way in which we can understand their meaning [the artifacts] – if you will, the way in which we can state the archaeological record in words – is by knowing something about how these material things came into being, about how they have been modified, and about how they acquired the characteristics we see today. That understanding is dependent upon a large body of knowledge which links human activities to the consequences of those activities that may be apparent in material things† (Binford, 19). In the end, we learn more about ourselves because of archaeological study into cultural history.

Hedge Found Managers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Hedge Found Managers - Essay Example This helps in preparation of a balanced portfolio mix. The management of assets portfolio, which is unregistered and private, can be done through the establishment of an investment structure called hedge fund. These funds are asset classes that use different strategies like hedging and leverage involving placing bets on commodities, interest rate and currencies, based on the prevailing macroeconomic conditions. These funds do not follow the market directions. However, there main aim is to generate the profit by aiming at mobilizing steps to attain positive return on the invested fund. Hence, these funds operate with the view of generating absolute returns, instead of relative returns, regardless of the rise or fall in the stock market indices or directions taken by the financial markets, during a particular period. Accordingly, hedge fund managers need working diligently in this direction. They expect and get the monetary compensation for meeting theset targets. This compensation comprises of the high fee structure that involves profit participation by the hedge fund manger. Considering this, a hedge fund manager entertains only the wealthy investors, which may include cash-rich corporations and individuals along with pension funds, who wish to hedge their investments against any negative correlation with the financial markets. For this purpose hedge fund managers label such customers as ‘accredited investors’. The basic strategy adopted by hedge fund managers is to look for high rewards, which also carry the chances of high risks. While doing so, any oversight on the part of hedge fund managers can result in financial catastrophes of large scale. The example of two collapsing â€Å"Bear Sterns† hedge funds during the year 2007 is significant in this direction. These funds are not allowed for individual investors, as they are

What Is It Governance Information Technology Essay

What Is It Governance Information Technology Essay IT governance is the process for controlling an organisation information technology resource, where these resources are defined to include information and communication systems as well as technology. An organisation management and owners (represented by the board of directors ) share responsibility for governing both enterprise and IT. Enterprise governance is the process of setting and implementing corporate strategy, making sure the organisation achieve its objectives efficiently, and manage risk. It governance is an increasingly important part of enterprise governance because of organisational dependent on information and communication, the scale of IT investment, potential for IT to create strategic opportunities, and the level of IT risk. IT governance also required controlling the process to ensure that it complies with regulatory, legal and contractual requirements. Organisation structure Boards and executive management have long known the need for enterprise and corporate governance. However, most are beginning to realize that there is a need to extend governance to information technology as well, and provide the leadership, organisational structures and processes that ensure that the enterprises IT sustains and extends the enterprises strategies andobjectives. Strategic alignment focuses on ensuring the linkage of business and IT plans; defining, maintaining and validating the IT value proposition; and aligning IT operations with enterprise operations. Value delivery is about executing the value proposition throughout the delivery cycle, ensuring that IT delivers the promised benefits against the strategy, concentrating on optimising costs and proving the intrinsic value of IT. Resource management is about the optimal investment in, and the proper management of, critical IT resources: applications, information, infrastructure and people. Key issues relate to the optimisation of knowledge and infrastructure. Risk management requires risk awareness by senior corporate officers, a clear understanding of the enterprises appetite for risk, understanding of compliance requirements, transparency about the significant risks to the enterprise and embedding of risk management responsibilities into the organisation. Performance measurement tracks and monitors strategy implementation, project completion, resource usage, process performance and service delivery, using, for example, balanced scorecards that translate strategy into action to achieve goals measurable beyond conventional accounting. ITGI: ISACA recognized this shift in emphasis towards IT Governance in 1998, and formed the IT Governance Institute (ITGI) to focus on original research, publications, resources and symposia on IT governance and related topics. In addition to the work carried out by the ITGI, ISACA addresses the topic through a regular column in and occasional dedicated issues of the Information Systems Control Journal, conference sessions and tracks, and education courses. TheIT Governance Institute (ITGI)exists to assist enterprise leaders in their responsibility to ensure that IT goals align with those of the business, it delivers value, its performance is measured, its resources properly allocated and its risks mitigated. Through original research, symposia and electronic resources, the ITGI helps ensure that boards and executive management have the tools and information they need for IT to deliver against expectations. ITGI: ISACA recognized this shift in emphasis towards IT Governance in 1998, and formed the IT Governance Institute (ITGI) to focus on original research, publications, resources and symposia on IT governance and related topics. In addition to the work carried out by the ITGI, ISACA addresses the topic through a regular column in and occasional dedicated issues of the Information Systems Control Journal, conference sessions and tracks, and education courses. TheIT Governance Institute (ITGI)exists to assist enterprise leaders in their responsibility to ensure that IT goals align with those of the business, it delivers value, its performance is measured, its resources properly allocated and its risks mitigated. Through original research, symposia and electronic resources, the ITGI helps ensure that boards and executive management have the tools and information they need for IT to deliver against expectations. Publications: There are two major publications from ISACA in the field of IT Governance. COBIT VALIT COBIT: The Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT) is a set of best practices (framework) for information technology (IT) management created by the ISACA, and ITGI in 1996. COBIT provides managers, auditors, and IT users with a set of generally accepted measures, indicators, processes and best practices to assist them in maximizing the benefits derived through the use of information technology and developing appropriate IT governance and control in a company. COBIT supports IT governance by providing a framework to ensure that: IT is aligned with the business IT enables the business and maximises benefits IT resources are used responsibly IT risks are managed appropriately COBIT Framework and IT Governance Areas: COBIT Product: Briefly, the COBIT products include: Board Briefing on IT Governance, 2nd Edition—Helps executives understand why IT governance is important, what its issues are and what their responsibility is for managing it. Management guidelines/maturity models— Help assign responsibility, measure performance, and benchmark and address gaps in capability Frameworks—Organise IT governance objectives and good practices by IT domains and processes, and link them to business requirements Control objectives—provide a complete set of high-level requirements to be considered by management for effective control of each IT process IT Governance Implementation Guide: Using COBIT  ® and Val IT TM, 2nd Edition—provides a generic road map for implementing IT governance using the COBIT and Val ITTM resources COBIT ® Control Practices: Guidance to Achieve Control Objectives for Successful IT Governance, 2nd edition—Provides guidance on why controls are worth implementing and how to implement them IT Assurance Guide: Using COBIT  ®Ã¢â‚¬â€Provides guidance on how COBIT can be used to support a variety of assurance activities together with suggested testing steps for all the IT processes and control VALIT: Val IT is a governance framework that consists of a set of guiding principles, and a number of processes conforming to those principles that are further defined as a set of key management practices. The Val IT framework will be supported by publications and operational tools and provides guidance to: Define the relationship between IT and the business and those functions in the organization with governance responsibilities Manage an organizations portfolio of IT-enabled business investments; and Maximize the quality of business cases for IT-enabled business investments with particular emphasis on the definition of key financial indicators, the quantification of soft benefits and the comprehensive appraisal of the downside risk Val IT addresses assumptions, costs, risks and outcomes related to a balanced portfolio of IT-enabled business investments. It also provides benchmarking capability and allows enterprises to exchange experiences on best practices for value management. Certification: Certified in the Governance of Enterprise Information Technology (CGEIT) is an advanced certification created in 2007 by the ISACA. It is designed for experienced professionals, who can demonstrate 5 or more years of experience, serving in a managing or advisory role focused on the governance and control of IT at an enterprise level. The certification is intended to: support the growing business demands related to IT governance increase the awareness and importance of IT governance good practices and issues define the roles and responsibilities of the professionals performing IT governance work Requirements: To earn the CGEIT credential, an individual must: Pass the CGEIT exam (first exam December 2008) Adhere to the ISACA Code of Professional Ethics Agree to comply with the CGEIT Continuing Education Policy Provide evidence of appropriate IT governance work experience as defined by the CGEIT Job Practice IT Governance experience Five (5) years required: Five (5) or more years of experience managing, serving in an advisory or oversight role, and/or otherwise supporting the governance of the IT-related contribution to an enterprise is required to apply for certification. This experience is defined specifically by the domains and task statements described in the CGEIT Job Practice. Specifically: A minimum of one (1) year of experience relating to the development and/or maintenance of an IT governance framework is required. The type and extent of experience accepted is described in CGEIT domain one (1) (see IT Governance Framework). Additional broad experience directly related to any two or more of the remaining CGEIT domains are required. The type and extent of experience accepted is described in CGEIT domains two (2) through six (6). These domains are:  § Strategic Alignment  § Value Delivery  § Risk Management  § Resource Management  § Performance Measurement Individuals can take the CGEIT exam prior to earning the above work experience. Substitutions for IT governance experience (2 years maximum) To recognize other management experience and/or the achievement of specific IT governance related credentials, advanced (post-graduate) degrees and certificates, up to two (2) years of the five years of required IT governance experience can be substituted. Specifically, each of the following will qualify (substitute) for one (1) year of IT governance experience, with a maximum of two years of substitutions being accepted. Other Management Experience—other management experience that is not specific to IT governance, such as performing consulting, auditing, assurance or security management related duties will qualify for up to one year of substitution. Specific Credentials, Advanced (Post-graduate) Degrees and Certificates—Credentials (in good standing), advanced (post-graduate) degrees and certificate programs which include an IT governance and/or management component or are specific to one or more of the CGEIT domains will qualify for up to one year of substitution. These include: Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) issued by ISACA Certified Information Security Manager (CISM) issued by ISACA Implementing IT Governance using COBIT and Val IT certificate issued by ISACA (available in 2008) ITIL Service Manager certification program Chartered Information Technology Professional (CITP) issued by the British Computer Society Certified Information Technology Professional (CITP) issued by the American Institute of CPAs Project Management Professional (PMP) issued by the Project Management Institute Information Systems Professional (I.S.P.) issued by the Canadian Information Processing Society Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) issued by the Institute of Internal Auditors Certified Business Manager (CBM) issued by The Association of Professionals in Business Management Prince2 Registered Practitioner certificate from the Office of Government Commerce Advanced (post-graduate) degree from an accredited university in governance, information technology, information management or business administration (For example: Masters in Corporate Governance, Masters of Business Administration, Masters in Information and Operations Management, Masters of Information Systems Management, Masters in Information Technology) Exception: Two years as a full-time university instructor teaching IT governance related subjects at an accredited university can be substituted for every one year of IT governance experience. Applicants who have earned/acquired other credentials, advanced (post-graduate) degrees and/or certificates that include a significant IT governance and/or information management component and are not listed above are welcome to submit them to the CGEIT Certification Board for consideration. IT Governance Characteristics Sets direction and oversees compliance and performance Specifies the decision-making authority and accountability to encourage desirable behaviors in the use of IT Is a process for managing and controlling the use of technology to create value Are the rules and regulations under which an IT organization functions Ensures that everyone is playing by the same rules so that the computing environment works for everyone. Road Map for Implementing IT Governance The initial focus for developing an IT Governance Program is identifying needs and governance input rights and decision making based on:    Current state of IT within and supporting business organization and objectives      Internal and external requirements/regulations and applicable best business practices Business Alignment IT Business Executives set the IT Strategy, resolve issues, and shadow IT organizations eliminated Investment Board sets project priorities, costs,   oversees progress, reduced millions $ in costs Change Management and failures impacting users Changes managed actually blocked where not properly vetted or tested Number of user impact failures reduced from 200+ to Number of unauthorized application and infrastructure changes reduced to 1 or less per month Emergency changes reduced to less than 3% of total changes Improved results across the board, accountability built into personal performance evaluations Projects Projects on time, on budget increased by 60+% Improved from 40% SDLC compliance to 100% Technology Standards and architecture established and enforced via tech reviews reduced number of system software tools by over 50% 100% of the equipment on the network identified and none added unless authorized 24 hour server back-ups improved from 95% to 99.9% Security patches being performed within 24 hours of approval â€Å"System Admin Accounts† reduced by over 50% Governing Document Framework SAMPLE Conclusion: As we have discussed that in todays business environment information is the most valuable asset, therefore in order to protect the information we require a profound infrastructure that enables us to not only secure the information we have but to validate that information as well, plus enable the organization towards IT.

managed healthcare of the elderly

Changes occurring in Health care delivery and Medicine are the result of social, economical, technological, scientific forces that have evolved in the 21st century. Among the most significant changes are shift in disease patterns, advanced technology, increased consumer expectations and high costs of health care. These factors have redefined medical practices to fit into the changing health delivery system. Thus, medical profession is ‘Accountable’ to the society. i.e,obliged to the laws regulating the professional activity. This ‘accountability’ is usually spelt out in â€Å"patient Care Documents† established by hospital associations and medical associations or councils of every country. In addition, medical profession has defined its standards of accountability through a formal code of ethics. There has been a recent significant increase in the number of elderly patients in palliative care units of hospitals in U.S.A and every healthcare delivery system aims to provide the elderly community in need of many services including physical therapy, speech therapy and chemotherapy due to many disabling and terminal diseases. But most of these elderly patients prefer to receive their end life care in a hospice rather than in palliative care units of hospitals. HOSPICE –A MANAGED HEALTHCARE FOR THE TERMINALLY ILL  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ELDERLY PATIENTS Hospice is a coordinated programme of inter disciplinary care provided primarily in the home of the terminally ill patients. The palliative care is the comprehensive care for patients whose disease is not responsive to cure and hence are terminally ill. In the past two decades there has been a study of enormous magnitude in the palliative care segment and various factors have been identified like, respecting patient’s goals, preferences and choices, attending to the medical, emotional, social and spiritual needs of the person, using strengths of interdisciplinary resources, acknowledging and addressing concerns and building mechanisms and systems of support. Many terminally ill elderly patients suffer only when they do not receive adequate care for the symptoms accompanying their serious illness. This is significant in the changing health care scenario where the patient is well informed, has the right to accept or refuse a treatment, issue advance directives and even appoint a proxy directive. Managed care for the elderly population is relevant in the present day health scenario where euthanasia and physician assisted deaths have found a legal niche as in the State of Oregon. THE MANAGED CARE ADVANTAGE Any health care delivery system is  primarily committed to the principles of patient self-care on the principles of Dorothea Orem (1971) with emphasis on client’s self-care needs. Self-care, according to Orem, is a learned, goal-oriented activity directed towards the self in the interest of maintaining life, health, development and well being. The ultimate emphasis of Orem’s theory is on client’s self care. Accordingly, care is needed when the client is unable to fulfill biological, psychological, developmental or social needs and the health care giver determines by duty why a client is unable to meet the needs or what must be done to enable the client to meet them. Health care of elderly population demands enormous resources of time, energy and money. Hence, every family looks up to any such programs with some faith element. Care of terminally ill population is   still more stressful for the family in a hospice setting and any hospice setting requires a inter disciplinary care provided primarily in the home of the terminally ill patients. Such patients are usually immobilized and it is not medically advisable to take them to a hospital for therapies. Thus, the significance of the services being taken to the patient’s home, especially the elderly, by health care organizations is the need of the hour and future with the time constraints faced by many families in the super fast world in taking these elderly people for a regular therapy, the advantages the patients get in terms of pain relief, effective communication capacity and symptom relief. This feature distinguishes the program from the rest of the health care programs that are currently available. The implementation schedule, i.e., the chronological sequence of events and activities that need to be achieved over a defined period of time to achieve the Goals and Objectives has to be defined by the Organizational Structure of the healthcare delivery system which identifies and describes the role of individuals, and their relationships in the system, who are key to the success of the program. THE DISADVANTAGE There is a perennial shortage of occupational, physical and speech therapists in the health care system in the USA. Thus, there is a growing demand and proportional short supply of professionals. Cognitive impairments pose a serious barrier on the reliability of geriatric assessments (Weiner et.al, 1999). Some of these patients may be marginally competent and some may be incompetent. Effects of cognitive impairment on the reliability of geriatric assessments has been studied recently to explore the relationship between cognitive status and reliability of multidimensional assessment data. The studies have proved that the reliability of the patient’s communication and sensory ability are affected by cognitive status. Thus, any such program aimed at the elderly population should be implemented with care with documented informed consent. REFERENCE Addington Thomas et.al, ‘Ethics and communication with the Terminally ill’, Vol 7(3), 267-281, 1995, Health Communication. Anderson Christina et, al, ‘Continuous Video recording; a new clinical research tool for studying the nursing care of cancer patients, Journal of Advanced Nursing, Vol 35(2), 257, July 2001. Astudillo Wilson et, al ‘How can relations be improved between the family and the support team during the care of terminally ill patients?.’ Supportive Care in Cancer Vol 3(1), 72-77, Jan 1995. Barrington Dianne et, al, ‘Facilitating communication and interactional skills with terminally ill patients’ -Teaching and Learning Forum 97, Australia. Chochinov Harvey Max et.al, ‘Prognostic awareness and the terminally ill’, Psychosomatics, Vol 41, 500-504, Dec 2000. Weiner D et, al, ‘Chronic pain associated behaviors in the nursing home : resident verses care giver’s perceptions’, Pain, Vol 80(3), 577-88, Apr 1999.

Cross-Cultural Understanding

The headline of the article is â€Å"Cross Cultural Understanding as a Basis for Lasting Business Relationship†. It is the article published in June 2009 by the author Anna Shevchenko, who is the senior consultant at Farham Castle International Briefing Center. The article originally appeared in the printed version of the RBCC Bulletin (Russo-British Chamber of Commerce-the monthly magazine for Chamber members) . It is addressed to the readership of this periodical publication, primary for businessmen. It is based on the needs of businessmen to connect each other even if they are from different cultural environments.The author focuses on differences between British people and Russians. The article begins with a major issue of the loss business due to misunderstandings between people and the importance of discovering other cultural to do successful business. The article includes a large amount of examples of cultural differences between involved citizens. The author gives a de tail description of cultural peculiarities of Russians and characterizes them as superstitious and truly people, but at the same time they are lazy, unpunctual and need to be controlled.Compare this to the British preference for statements â€Å"maybe† or â€Å"perhaps†, prefer to be punctual and to examine business in details. Further, the author admits that it will never be possible to fully comprehend another culture, as those values, beliefs, attitudes and assumptions are usually a set of unwritten rules formed for centuries. But also, the author states that understanding the culture will make work more enjoyable and less frustrating. In conclusion she suggests solution for the problem, offering services of Farham Castle International Briefing Center, which specializes in cross cultural management.I suppose this article is richly informative, but the author doesn’t mention the price of such services. Also, I doubt about a necessity of using it. I mean, under standing other culture, to my mind, scarcely ever comes in handy. I consider, prosperous businessmen are alike. Businessman should be punctual, as he values his time. He tries to study a work in details. He is assertive and hardworking. He likes controlling everything and doesn’t give a hoot about any signs (superstitious beliefs) in spite of his nationality.

The Physics Behind The Electric Vehicle - 1560 Words

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